Surface properties dictate a vast array of material characteristics that are crucial to performance, durability, and intended functionality across diverse industries. Properties such as friction, wear ...

Irregularities on a surface determine how rough it is. Surface roughness can be evaluated by visual appearances and tactile sensation and can be measured using a numerical scale. A surface condition ...

Surface roughness refers to the condition of processed surfaces. Irregularities present on the surface of the object determine the texture and appearance of the surface, which plays a significant role ...

Interactions between iron, water, oxygen and ions quickly become complex. MTU scientists developed a more precise method to observe how iron minerals like rust form. One can easily see with the naked ...

The beginning of scientific surface geochemical exploration, that is, microseepage as opposed to macroseepage, took place in the 1920s at the prestigious Max Planck Institute in the work of Gunter ...

The complexities of nanoscale surface measurement are anything but nano-sized. With the advancement of nanotechnology, nanoscale surface measurement is an integral part of the development of this ever ...