Adenosine is a neuromodulator with receptor-mediated effects. De novo synthesis of adenosine in brain is low 1; thus, adenosine is primarily derived from dephosphorylation of ATP. In physiological ...
Naturally rewarding stimuli (i.e. food, sex, etc) increase the activity of dopamine cells in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system causing increased dopamine release in brain areas such as the nucleus ...